Australian researchers use 3D printed diamond implants for biomedical and orthopedic applications.
Category: Industry News
Aug 16,2021
Researchers in Australia have made breakthrough progress using the power of diamonds, potentially revolutionizing the way the human body accepts biomedical implants. Researchers from RMIT University successfully coated 3D printed titanium implants with diamonds.
This is a 3D printed diamond implant for biomedical and orthopedic applications—pertaining to surgeries involving the human musculoskeletal system. Although titanium provides a fast, accurate, and reliable material for medical-grade and patient-specific implants, our bodies sometimes reject this material. This is due to compounds on titanium that prevent tissues and bones from effectively interacting with biomedical implants. Synthetic diamonds offer an affordable solution to this problem.
This breakthrough was achieved by biomedical engineer Dr. Kate Fox and her team at RMIT's School of Engineering. The coating was produced using a microwave plasma process at the Melbourne Nano Manufacturing Centre. The combination of titanium scaffolds with diamonds forms a biomaterial. "It will take several more years before this technology is launched; many steps need to be taken before patients can use it," Fox said. "But what we have done is a key step in a long and incredible journey."
Postdoctoral researcher Aaqil Rifai is collaborating with Fox to study this new technology, stating, "Diamonds are very effective because carbon is a major component of the human body. Carbon has incredible biocompatibility." Rifai added, "Our bodies easily accept diamonds and use them as platforms for complex material interfaces."
In addition to orthopedics, diamonds are also used to coat cardiovascular stents—catheters that help keep heart arteries open—as well as in bionics and prosthetics. Currently, researchers are focusing on how to apply this technology in orthopedics.
"3D printing is a groundbreaking revolution in modern times. Through 3D printing, we can design specific medical-grade implants. This technology is fast, accurate, reliable, and labor-saving," Rifai said. "The scalability of 3D printing is rapidly increasing; therefore, we can foresee that diamond coatings will become increasingly common in orthopedics in the near future."
Diamond is one of the special materials found in nature, possessing properties such as hardness, low friction coefficient, high elastic modulus, high thermal conductivity, high insulation capacity, wide energy gap, high sound propagation rate, and good chemical stability as shown in the table below. While natural diamonds exhibit these characteristics, they have only existed as gemstones; their variability and rarity greatly limit their applications. However, CVD diamond films prepared by Luoyang Yuxin Diamond combine these excellent physicochemical properties at a lower cost than natural diamonds and can be fabricated into various geometric shapes with broad application prospects in industries such as electronics, optics, and mechanics.
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